The findings of this report are based on a GAMAAN survey conducted in June 2024. The survey included 77,216 respondents from Iran. After statistical weighting, a representative sample of Iran’s adult population was constructed, with an effective sample size of 20,492, from which the key results were derived.
The data indicate that around 70% of citizens do not support the continuation of the Islamic Republic, with the highest level of opposition (81%) recorded during the “Woman, Life, Freedom” uprising. The most widespread political orientation is the view that “regime change is a precondition for change” (about 40%), a position more common among young and highly educated respondents. At the same time, support for “the principles of the Islamic revolution and the Supreme Leader” declined from 18% in 2022 to 11% in 2024.
Regarding the preferred form of governance, as many as 89% of respondents support democracy, yet 43% are also open to authoritarian rule by a “strong individual leader,” particularly in rural areas and among those with lower levels of education. Military rule and governance based on religious law face broad opposition (71% and 66%, respectively).
Only about 20% support the continuation of the Islamic Republic. The majority favor alternative models: 26% prefer a secular republic and about 21% support a monarchy, while 11% say the specific form is not important. As many as 22% report lacking sufficient information to choose an alternative. About 15% support a federal system (10% a federal republic and 5% a federal monarchy), with especially high support in ethnic regions such as Kurdistan, West Azerbaijan, and Sistan and Baluchestan.
Ideologically, the most popular “hypothetical” parties are those prioritizing individual freedoms and human rights (37%), social justice and workers’ rights (33%), or national pride and Iranian nationalism (26%). Environmentalism (10%), free-market economics (9%), and decentralization and minority rights (8%) follow, while only about 5% support parties centered on traditional and religious values. Young and educated respondents show the strongest support for human rights, environmentalism, and market-oriented policies, while women are more inclined toward social justice than men.